While IQ itself is a ratio", the data is interval-level data.
The IQ was first created in order to relate the mental development of a child to the child's chronological age the IQ. IQ = (MA/CA) * 100
While in theory, a birth one has a MA of 0, so one could make a theoretical argument that IQ data is a ratio level of measurement because it has a natural zero. The fact is, nobody ever deals with 0 IQ because there is no such test for babies. So while theoretically, scores can range any amount below or above 100, but in practice they do not meaningfully go much below 50.
Remember a ratio level of measurement is the same as an interval level of measurement with the additional property of a natural zero, where zero indicates none of the quantity is present. We use it for things like distances and prices.
If we do not travel at all, that is zero distance and a free item has a 0 price.
On the other hand, interval level of measurement allows the data to be arranged in some order and the difference between any two data values is meaningful. Some common examples are body temperature, and years. Years is confusing but time 0 is arbitrary and not really a starting point of time. Also the value of 0 is arbitrary for temps and does not indicate any true absence of heat.
s
interval
Yes.
Yes, they do exist.
It is a HISTOGRAM.
They are interval.
Age is none of the items listed. Age is ratio data.
No; since you refer to a math score (and not a math grade), it is ratio data.
Data comes in various sizes and shapes. Two of them are Interval and Ratio. Interval is a measurement where the difference between two values is meaningful and follows a linear scale. For example: in physics, temperature 0.0 on either F or C does not mean 'no temperature'; in biology, a pH of 0.0 does not mean 'no acidity'. Interval data is continuous data where differences are interpretable, ordered, and constant scale, but there is no 'natural' zero. Ratio is the relation in degree or number between two similar things or a relationship between two quantities, ordered, constant scale, with natural zero. Ratio data is interpretable. Ratio data has a natural zero. A good example is birth weight in kg. The distinctions between interval and ratio data are slight. Certain specialized statistics, such as a geometric mean and a coefficient of variation can only be applied to ratio data.
Time is ratio data because it has a true, meaningful data. You can say that at time 20 seconds, it is twice the amount of time than 10 seconds. Interval data doesn't have a true zero e.g. degrees celcius. Although you can say 60 degrees is hotter than 30 degrees you can't say that it is twice as hot.
Interval-Ratio can use all three measures, but the most appropriate should be mean unless there is high skew, then median should be used.
Telephone numbers are actually nominal data.
It is ratio.