What is statistics variables?

Answer 1

A statistical variable is any set of observations in which the observations can be different. They need not be numeric or even ordered: for example, people's first names or the colour of cars. They can be ordered but still not numeric: for example, questions where you are asked to say whether you strongly disagree, disagree, are neutral, agree or strongly agree. Or they can be numeric, for example your age or height or a combination of your height and mass in the form of your BMI.

Essentially, it is any characteristic that can be "measured", and measured does not mean only in numeric terms.