No, each conduit must contain a separate grounding conductor.
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In a completely metallic conduit system it is not necessary to ground each junction box as long as the metallic system has the grounding capacity rating larger than that of the over current device protecting the circuit. The code book states what size conduits are rated at, for grounding amperages.
PVC is cheaper but is used differently. PVC is usually baried in ground and emt usually runs exposed. You can use PVC exposed if it is schedule 80 gray PVC electrical conduit. Schedule 40 is for under ground
depends on size....
Wire in conduit for underground feeders has to have an insulationrating for wet and damp locations. In the marketplace there is also wiring thathas an insulation rating for direct burial that does not need to be installed into conduit.
Metal conduit must be buried to at least 6 inches. Non-Metal conduit must be buried to at least 18 inches. Direct bury wire must be buried to at least 24 inches. This is what the NEC requires but your local codes may be even deeper. Check with your local utility to see what they require.