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A conjecture should be testable. You test it and if it fails the test, it is a false conjecture.
Identify the conjecture to be proven.Assume the opposite of the conclusion is true.Use direct reasoning to show that the assumption leads to a contradiction.Conclude that the assumption is false and hence that the original conjecture must be true.
A counter example is a statement that shows conjecture is false.
The word "conjecture" can be taken a number of ways. If the "conjecture" involves an inference based on false or defective information, you need only show convincing or conclusive evidence that the information is false or faulty. If the "conjecture" is the result of surmise or guessing, then it is nothing more than a guess itself, and, therefore, has no basis in fact or logic. If the "conjecture" is an unproven mathematical hypothesis, you will need to disprove its validity from its basis. Start with the basic crux of the problem and work step by step until you disprove (or prove) the hypothesis to be untrue (or true). Make sure you have good arguments and sound mathematics.