A polygon is a closed figure in the plane. It has an inside and an outside.
The angles on the inside are the interior angles. An exterior angle is the angle between any side of the polygon and a line extended from the next side.
Here is an example to help.
If you draw an triangle, the angles inside it are interior angles. Then if you extend any side, the angle between that line and the next side is the exterior angle.
The sum of the exteriors is always 360. For a polygon with n sides, the sum of the interior angles is 180 (n-2) degrees.
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A Regular Polygon
octagon interior=135 exterior=45
A quadrilateral.
Hint: in a regular polygon interior plus exterior = 180o, always.
It is a regular 8 sided octagon whose interior angles are 135 degrees and its exterior angles are 45 degrees