They are King Wen and his son, the Duke of Zhou, and Chiang Tzu-ya who was Prime Minister to both King Wen and his son King Wu. King Wen and the Duke of Chou co-authored the I Ching, and Chiang Tzu-ya authored The Six Secrets of War. They were all significant players in the overthrow of the Shang Dynasty and the origination of the Chou Dynasty in 1046 BCE. They are regarded as exemplars of the social ethics advanced by Confucius
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In viewing the history of the Jewish people, we can distinguish various epochs. These include the time of the Forefathers, the Judges, the Prophets, the Sages of the Mishna, the Gaonim of the Babylonian Yeshivot, and more. The end of an old epoch and beginning of a new one is invariably linked to a concept which states that earlier generations of our Sages tend to be on a higher spiritual level than the later ones (Talmud, Shabbat 112b). Once every three or four centuries, it becomes apparent to the greatest Torah-scholars that they, collectively, can no longer compare to the previous recent generations, and a new era has begun. The end of prophecy marked one such palpable transition. In addition, from Second-Temple times and onward, none of the Sages claimedprophecy, since they were honest people and they knew that what the Prophets had experienced was no longer happening.Within a couple of decades after the last visitations of prophecy, the Sages convened a synod known as the Men of the Great Assembly, and they closed the canon of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). This was around 340 BCE.
scribesphariseessadduceesAnswer:The above answer needs clarification.1) The scribes and the Pharisees are the same thing.2) Sadducees were among the Sanhedrin only for a relatively brief period of several decades of turmoil during the Second Temple period, after Alexander Yannai killed many Torah-sages (see Talmud, Kiddushin 66a). Other than that time, the Sanhedrin consisted only of the leading Torah-sages. (The word "pharisees" is a corruption [by Josephus] of a Hebrew word and is not used in traditional Torah-sources.)
Thales was a Greek philosopher. He was also one of the Seven Sages of Greece. He was immortalized in stone, and he had a beard and curly hair.
It was the group of Jews lead by Shimon Bar-Kokhba, around 132 CE.Answer:The group who fought Roman rule in 68 CE were the Zealots, led by Abba Sikra. They are mentioned in the Talmud (Gittin 56a) as being headstrong and irresponsible. The Torah-Sages cautioned them against taking action, but to no avail (ibid). Two generations later, it was Shimon Bar Kokhba who led an ill-fated rebellion against the Romans (135 CE), against the counsel of most of the Torah-Sages. In both cases, myriads of Jews were killed, thanks to the rebels' having ignored the Torah-sages.
Thales of Miletus was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, and one of the Seven Sages of Greece.Best known for Water is the physis, Thales' theorem and the intercept theorem.