Yes.
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Yes. The range can have fewer number of entries.As an extreme case, consider f(x) = 3, where x is a Real number.The domain is all Real numbers - infinitely many of them, while the range is one value: 3.A function can contain one-to-one or many-to-one relationships but one-to-many relationships are not permitted. As a result, the cardinality of the range cannot be bigger than the cardinality of the domain.
You need to know the domain in order to find the range.
It is the function for which all the elements of the range of the function corresponds to exactly one element of the domain.
A relation is a mapping between two sets, a domain and a range. A function is a relationship which allocates, to each element of the domain, exactly one element of the range although several elements of the domain may be mapped to the same element in the range.
All functions are relations with the condition that each element of the domain is paired with only one element of the range. A relation is any pairing of numbers from the domain to the range.