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line graph or a scatter plot.
A straight line of points going from top left towards bottom right.
A scatter plot can be used to see if there is any relationship between two variables. It can also give a general idea of the nature of that relationship (linear, quadratic, logarithmic, inverse square, etc; whether or not the relationship remains constant over the domain, whether or not the variation remains constant (homoscedasticity), and so on.
Correlation is an estimate of a linear relationship between two variables and takes no account of non-linear relationship. If the relationship is quadratic and the domain is symmetric about some point, the correlation will be zero. It is, thus possible for the points on the scatter plot to lie exactly on a parabola while the calculated correlation is zero. In such a case, it is easy to make a prediction despite no correlation.
A scatter plot.