A function must be well defined. This means that every element in the domain maps to only one element in the range. In more math terms, let a and b be in the domain of f such that a = b. If f is a function, then if a = b, f(a) = f(b).
A relation does not need to be well defined. An example of this would be y^2 = 4. y = 2 or -2.
An ordered pair that would be part of a relation but not a function would be (x, y^2) vs an ordered pair possible in a function which would be (x^2, y).
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Not every relation is a function. But every function is a relation. Function is just a part of relation.
A function is a relation whose mapping is a bijection.
If a relation can be called a function, it means that the relation maps every element to one and only one other element. If you have some ordered pairs and see that, for example, 1 maps to 4 (1,4) and 1 also maps to 7 (1,7) , you don't have a function.
No. A relation is not a special type of function.
y² = x --> y = ±√x Because there are *two* square roots for any positive number (positive and negative) this will not be a function.