examples of internal and external validity
The difference between internal and external validity is in their nature. Internal validity indicates if a study depicts relation between two variables. External validity on the other hand generalizes the study of the variables.
External validity is the extent that results from a study generalize to other people, places, and situations--how well the findings stand outside the study and the extent to which they can be replicated. The internal validity is that extent to which the study's design enables it to measure and study what it intends to study.
Causal validity is also referred to as internal validity. It refers to how well experiments are done and what we can infer from those results.
rice fields are turned into residential or commercial centere??
I haven't been able to confirm the answer yet but here's what I believe: 'error and bias' in research terms questions the validity of the results you have found. If you are asked to relate error and bias to your research, they are asking you to share possible errors with the results and whether or not there could be any bias in the results collected.
If you gain internal validity do you lose external validity
The difference between internal and external validity is in their nature. Internal validity indicates if a study depicts relation between two variables. External validity on the other hand generalizes the study of the variables.
No it is not easier because of the external flow.
Yes. Internal validity is whether or not the experiment is studying what it intends to. External validity is whether or not the study can be generalised outside of the study. For example, if you had a perfect experiment set up, that measures something perfectly, then it will have internal validity. You haven't, however, shown that you would get the same results in different cultures, or in different time periods. Thus the experiment may not have external validity.
Internal validity is the degree to which the results are attributable to the independent variable and not some other explanations.External validity is the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized.
External validity is the extent that results from a study generalize to other people, places, and situations--how well the findings stand outside the study and the extent to which they can be replicated. The internal validity is that extent to which the study's design enables it to measure and study what it intends to study.
Threats to validity in epidemiological studies refer to factors that can distort research findings, leading to incorrect conclusions. These threats are generally categorized into internal validity (accuracy of cause-and-effect relationships) and external validity (generalizability of results). Internal validity threats include selection bias, where differences between study groups affect outcomes, information bias, resulting from inaccurate data collection, and confounding variables, where unmeasured factors influence the results. External validity threats arise from sampling bias, limiting applicability to other populations, and temporal changes, where findings may not hold over time. Addressing these threats through proper study design, randomization, and statistical adjustments enhances the reliability of epidemiological research.
Internal validity has to do with the accuracy of the results. Results could be inaccurate if samples are not selected randomly. External validity has to do with the generalizability of the findings to the population. If the sample selected is only Hispanics under the age of 25, then it would be hard to generalize the results to the entire US population.
External validity
By ruling out a series of threats to that validity. Please see the link for a list of them.
There are a number of ways to reduce threats to validity:By arguing against the threatBy observing and measuring the threat.By analysisBy preventive actionBy design.
It means reliability or truthfulness and can be applied to the purpose of the project, to its design or, most often, to the results of the research. If the results of a research project are valid it means they are accurate, true, sound or just and believable. If the results are not valid then they are inaccurate, untrue, unsound or unjust and should be ignored.