5 ^ .5 * .5 + .5
In other words
√5*.5+.5
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(a+b)/a=a/b=phi (the golden ratio, as defined) (a+b)/a=phi (we'll solve this equation) 1+b/a=phi (just changing the form of the left side a little) 1+1/phi=phi (a/b=phi so b/a=1/phi) phi+1=phi2 (multiply both sides by phi) phi2-phi-1=0 (rearrange) From here, we can use the quadratic equation to find the positive solution: phi=(-b+√(b2-4ac))/(2a) phi=(1+√(1+4))/2 phi=(1+√5)/2≈1.618
It is the set comprising the following 4 elements:phi,{phi},{{phi}} and{phi, {phi}}
cos(phi - 1) = cos(phi)cos(1) + sin(phi)sin(1)
The golden number? Phi = 1.61803398872...
phi = [1+sqrt(5)]/2 sqrt(5) is irrational and so phi is irrational.