Because negative exponents doesn't exist in our world. And thus, can only be explained with 0. Hope that answered you question.
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You would follow the order of operation and take both numbers to their exponent and then add them. 8^-2 + 6^-2 is not 14^-2, nor anything else. you could reciprocate, then add 1/8^2 + 1/6^2 1/64 + 1/36 = 25/576
Exponents describe mathematical operations that can also be written in other ways (although not necessarily in the form of an equation). For example, 103 can also be written as 10 x 10 x 10. The exponent is more succinct. When you get to a number such as 10100 then the exponent is much more succinct. But you could still write it out if you wanted to.
Exponents usually refer to things like squared (x2) or cubed (x3), but can also be used to express fractions (division) and square roots. So division can be expressed as a power (exponent). Let's use 4 as an example. 42 = 16 41/2 = 2 (this is the square root of 4) 4-2 = 1/16 = 1/(42) (negative indicates the reciprocal, so this becomes one OVER four squared, rather than 4 squared) So if you are asked to find the exponent that is equivalent to 1/25, you could say it is 5-2 (OR 25-1) Hope this helps.
No, an exponent is not called a base number. the base is the number before the exponent: 34. 3 is the base, 4 is the exponent the expont could also be refered to as three to the fourth power