How you find the missing side depends on which side is missing.
A square drawn on the longest side has the same area as the two squares drawn on the shorter sides put together. This is Pythagoras' theorem.
So if the longest side (the hypotenuse) is, say, 10 units, the square drawn on it will be 100 square units, and the square on each of the shorter sides will have an area of 50 square units. That would make each of the shorter sides the square root of 50 - a little more than 7.
If we don't know the hypotenuse, but we know the other sides, - let's say they are 10 units each, we draw a square drawn on each of them and add their areas together. That's 200 square units. That's the area of a single square drawn on the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse will be the square root of 200, a bit over 14 units.
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It depends on what measure is missing.
It depends on what is known about the triangle.
depends on the needed measurement and type of triangle.
to find the missing side of a triangle
At each vertex of a triangle, an exterior angle of the triangle may be formed by extending ONE SIDE of the triangle.