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Assuming you are already sure that the two objects are, indeed, similar: You measure corresponding lengths of the two objects, and divide.You measure the lengths of a pair of corresponding sides. The scale factor is the ratio of the two measures.
You cannot. You can only find a ratio of two or more objects. Then, it can be the ratio of their size, volume, mass, monetary value, temperature - or any other characteristic that can be measured.
The ratio of their heights is 9:4
The ratio of the volumes of similar solids is (the ratio of their linear dimensions)3 .
Notice the exponents in these two statements.Those little tiny numbers tell the whole big story:(the ratio of the surface areas of similar figures) = (the ratio of their linear dimensions)2(the ratio of the volumes of similar solids) = (the ratio of their linear dimensions)3