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take 1 ml, add 9 ml water.
The wording is important here. If it is a 2 *in* 5 dilution, then the scientist would need 200 ml of concentrate. The best way would be to take a graduated cylinder, put about 200 ml of solvent into the cylinder. Then put in the 200 ml of concentrate. Then add enough additional solvent to make a total of 500 ml. Mix, then pour it into a labeled and dated bottle, and screw on the lid. If it is a 2 *to* 5 dilution, then you need 2/7ths concentrate, and 5/7ths solvent. One seventh of 500 ml is about 71.43, so you would need 142.86 ml of concentrate, and fill the rest with solvent until the total is 500 ml.
Add 2 mL of culture to 20 mL of buffer. 2/20 = 1/10
To convert 0.1 N HCl to 0.01 N HCl, you can perform a dilution. For example, mix 10 mL of the 0.1 N HCl solution with 90 mL of distilled water to achieve a total volume of 100 mL, resulting in a 0.01 N HCl solution. The dilution factor here is 10, as you are reducing the concentration by a factor of ten.
250 ml