There are exactly three possible ways to make a quadrilateral by combining two pentominoes.
Pentominoes are made of squares connected along their edges, so they have only right angles. This means the only quadrilaterals we can make from them will be rectangles. By definition, each pentomino has an area of 5 , so combining two of them will give us a rectangle made of 10 squares. This must be the 10x1 rectangle or the 5x2, because these are the only factors of 10.
All possibilities are listed below:
10x1 rectangle:
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You don't. There is no such thing as the "sum of a quadrilateral". If you mean the perimeter, you add the lengths of the four sides. If you want the area, you can divide the quadrilateral into two triangles, or some other shapes, calculate the individual pieces, and add everything up.
You cannot make four triangles our of a quadrilateral by ONE line through it. One line can give you at most two triangles. Two lines, each running from one vertex of the quadrilateral to the opposite vertex, will give 4 triangles.
They can form into a 4 sided quadrilateral if they are the same size.
Two sides of a quadrilateral can be parallel.
A quadrilateral has two and only two diagonals. That's the maximum and also the minimum. If it has more or fewer than two diagonals, it's not a quadrilateral.