Beta particles can be either positive or negative. It depends if an electron or a positrion is emited. Usually though, beta particles are negative as it is much more common for an electron to be emitted (though that does depend on the substance).
alpha, beta, and theta are commonly used for this.
It depends on which angle beta is: the angle subtended by the arc at the centre of the circle (assuming that it is a circle and not an ellipse or some other shape), otr the angle subtended by the chord and one of the radii. Basically, there is not enough information provided in the question to give a sensible answer.
Normally, alpha is used to represent an angle. Just like "x" is used to represent an unknown number or angle, alpha, theta, beta are used to represent unkown angles.
Why approximate? I will show you what you should know being in the trig section. Law of cosines. Degree mode!! a = 4 (angle opposite = alpha) b = 5 ( angle opposite = beta) c = 8 ( angle opposite = gamma ) a^2 = b^2 + c^2 - 2bc cos(alpha) 4^2 = 5^2 + 8^2 - 2(5)(8) cos(alpha) 16 = 89 - 80 cos(alpha) -73 = -80 cos(alpha) 0.9125 = cos(alpha) arcos(0.9125) = alpha alpha = 24.15 degrees ------------------------------ b^2 = a^2 + c^2 - 2bc cos(beta) 5^2 = 4^2 + 8^2 - 2(4)(8) cos(beta) 25 = 80 - 64 cos(beta) -55 = -64 cos(beta) 0.859375 = cos(beta) arcos(0.859375) = beta beta = 30.75 degrees --------------------------------- Now to find gamma, subtract from 180 degrees 180 - 24.15 - 30.75 = 125.1 degrees alpha = 24.15 degrees ( subject to rounding, but all add to 180 degrees ) beta = 30.75 degrees gamma = 125.1 degrees now you see the smallest, the angle opposite the a side, which is 4 ( be in degree mode!!)
You need to have some method of measuring the angle, such as a 360 degree protractor; a hall probe; a way to remove radiation, such as some paper; beta radiation; and the current in the Helmholtz must be changed to vary the magnification field density. Be sure to repeat readings, calibrate the hall probe, keep the separation of the coils constant, and correct the deflection of beta radiation on the diagram.
If beta particles are used on gold foil, they may interact with the gold atoms causing ionization and scattering of the beta particles. This interaction can lead to changes in the properties of the gold foil, such as altering its conductivity or creating defects in the crystal lattice.
Beta particles are electrons (β-) or positrons (β+), which have a very small mass and charge. Due to their small mass, they are not significantly affected by a strong magnetic field as their momentum is not large enough to cause a substantial deflection. The force experienced by a charged particle in a magnetic field is proportional to its charge, velocity, and the strength of the magnetic field, and for beta particles, this force is typically not enough to cause a noticeable deflection.
Beta particles have a negative charge, while alpha particles have a positive charge. Beta particles are electrons or positrons, while alpha particles are helium nuclei consisting of two protons and two neutrons.
Beta particles are not stopped by a paper sheet.
Beta particles can be detected using instruments such as Geiger-Muller counters or scintillation detectors. These instruments can measure the ionizing radiation produced by beta particles as they interact with matter. The detection process involves counting the number of interactions to determine the presence and intensity of beta radiation.
A geiger counter measures radioactivity. It detects the emission of nuclear radiation from alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays.
Low energy beta particles, say, from tritium, are called soft beta particles.
Beta Particles have a negative charge,In Beta decay a neutron changes into a proton and a beta particle, an electron.
Thin sheet or plastic may prevent beta particles.
The range of beta particles in the air is up to several hundred feet. Beta particles are emitted by specific types of radioactive nuclei. Potassium-40 is a type of radioactive nuclei that emits beta particles.
Yes, beta particles can pass through aluminum. However, the thickness of the aluminum and the energy of the beta particles will determine how many particles can pass through. Thicker aluminum will block more beta particles compared to thinner aluminum.