Simply with a protractor and the 4 interior angles must add up to 360 degrees
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a parallelogram with opposite equal acute angles, opposite equal obtuse angles, and four equal sides.
In a rectangle, all the opposite sides, and angles are congruent to each other. All 4 angles of the rectangle, are right angles.
Chuck Norris can prove it
To prove a trapezoid is isosceles, you need to show that the legs (the non-parallel sides) are congruent. This can be done by demonstrating that the base angles opposite these sides are congruent. You can use the triangle congruence postulates or the properties of parallel lines and transversals to establish the equality of these angles.
A quadrilateral, in general, is not a parallelogram. If it is a parallelogram then you will have some additional information about its sides and angles. If you do not have such information it is not possible to prove that it is a parallelogram. Draw a diagonal which will divide the quadrilateral into two triangles and use the additional information that you have to show that the triangles are congruent. This can then be used to show equality of sides or of angles: the latter can then be used to show that sides are parallel. Note that the choice of which diagonal may influence how (if at all) you proceed.