That's called a 45° right triangle. The length of the hypotenuse is equal to the length of each of the other two sides times the square root of two.
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It is an isosceles triangle with a right angle between the sides of equal length. Also the equal angles are 45o. * * * * * Take a square, draw one of its diagonals. The shape that is on one side of that diagonal is a right isosceles triangle.
An isosceles triangle has two same sides and one different side.
Of course it can be. It can be anything like x units each of perpendicular and base, and hypotenuse of square root of 2 times x.
An Isosceles triangle, like all triangles has three vertices (corners).
Well, honey, that's no ordinary triangle, that's an isosceles triangle. Two sides are the same length, so it's like those twins you can't tell apart. Just make sure to measure those angles too, we don't want any surprises popping up like a bad reality show.