Magic. :D
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That's difficult to accomplish without getting breading crumbs and frying oil all over the fractions. It takes a steady hand and frequent clean-up.
Oils are examples of hydrocarbons and hence they contain carbon and hydrogen as the elements.
Because crude oil is a mixture of different chemicals - mainly hydrocarbons - that have different evaporation temperatures. Roughly speaking, when the crude is heated, its temperature rises until it reaches the lowest vaporisation temperature. The temperature then remains more or less steady as the heat input is used as the latent heat of vaporisation for the relevant compound. When [almost] all of that compound has evaporated, the temperature starts rising again until it reaches the next varorisation temperature, and so on.
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1 ton of oil is called 1 ton of oil. Oil is usually measured in barrels which equal 42 gallons. So making some assumptions a ton of oil would be about 6 barrels or so.