A Punnet square is a way of representing the possible combinations of genotypes in an offspring of two parents with differing genes. It is used to determine the probability that the offspring has a particular genotype.
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Punnet squares.
The punnet square gives the results as probable because is it similar to rolling dice. If you have a die with four sides, when you roll it, the chance is 1 out of 4 that a certain number will show. You could roll it 20 times and it COULD show the same number 20 times. But the probability is 1 in 4 each roll. The Punnet square is the same.
Make a punnet square with the mother above, her genotype would be: X^B X^b, and the father to the left whose genotype is X^b Y.The probability of having a colorblind CHILD is 50%. The probability of them having a SON is 50%. Since we are asked what the probability of their SON being colorblind, it is 50% as well. The reason is because the chance of having a colorblind son, among sons only, (according to the punnet square) is 50%.
A Punnet Square
genotype and phenotype