A relation between two sets is defined to be any subset of the two set's Cartesian product.
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The relation, between two sets of objects, is a mapping which associates elements of the first set to those of the second set.
A relation is a mapping between two sets, a domain and a range. A function is a relationship which allocates, to each element of the domain, exactly one element of the range although several elements of the domain may be mapped to the same element in the range.
The metric of a geometric space is defined as the distance between two points.
A relation is a mapping from one set to another. The two sets may be the same, or different. It is an association between elements (or members) of one set with those of the other set. Some mappings are functions but mappings need not be functions.
Functions are our way of expressing a relation between two sets, which is of fundamental importance to all of math. In fact, one could argue that there would be no math, only numbers, if there weren't any relations between the numbers.