To find the two-digit numbers whose digits sum to a perfect square, we first identify the possible sums of the digits, which range from 1 (1+0) to 18 (9+9). The perfect squares in this range are 1, 4, 9, and 16. The valid two-digit combinations for these sums are: for 4 (14, 23, 32, 41, 50), for 9 (18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90), and for 16 (79). Counting all valid combinations gives us a total of 20 two-digit numbers.
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12689 14689 12489
I am pretty sure you can figure this out on your own. Raise different numbers to the square, until you get a 4-digit result. Similary, calculate the cube of different numbers, until you get a 4-digit number. If you want the SAME number to be both a perfect square and a perfect cube, then it must be a power of 6. In that case, just experiment raising different numbers to the sixth power, until you get a 4-digit number.
With 123 digits you can make 123 one-digit numbers.
Six: 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 and 9
There are 9 digits that can be the first digit (1-9); for each of these there is 1 digit that can be the second digit (6); for each of these there are 10 digits that can be the third digit (0-9); for each of these there are 10 digits that can be the fourth digit (0-9). → number of numbers is 9 × 1 × 10 × 10 = 900 such numbers.