At most n-1. However, it can be a lot fewer.
For example, calculating A10 does not require 9 multiplications.
A*A = A2
A2*A2 = A4
A4*A4 = A8
A8*A2 = A10
Only 4 multiplications were required.
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If n is a natural number and M is a matrix, then Mn denotes the matrix M multiplied by itself n times. We can include n=0, but that is just the identity matrix. So the power of a matrix is very similar to the exponents that are used for numbers.
watts = volts x amps x power factor
113.04 - 113.1
Simply multiply by 2 again. It's really only using 22 as a factor. As a general rule, an = a X a X a X ..... where the number of multiplications = (n-1).
Power (in watts) = energy (in joules) / time (in seconds). There are other formulae that involve watts as well, depending on the exact situation. For example, in electrical currents, watts = amperes x volts x power factor. The power factor is usually close to 1.