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The salary problem has 2 outputs for each input value.
There can only be one output for each input.
Good question. A relation is simply that; any x-value to create any y-value. A function, however, cannot be defined for multiple values of x. In other words, for a relation to be a function, it must have singular values for all x within its domain.
There are infinitely many possible rules. One simple rule, for input n isU(n) = (n^2 + 3n + 2)/2 = (n + 1)*(n + 2)/2or, equivalently, the sum of all the integers from 1 to n+1.
the functons of encoder is reverse of the dec