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The dielectric field strength of air is 4 to 30 kV/cm.

So a voltage of less than 4 kV is not enough to cause a spark to jump a 1 cm air gap.

A voltage over 30 kV is plenty to cause a spark to jump a 1 cm air gap.

Within that range, pointy conductors allow a spark to form at lower voltage than smoothly rounded conductors.

Different gases and gas pressures also have an effect on the exact voltage required to produce a spark.

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Q: How many volts are needed to cause electricity to jump 1 cm?
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