range
Values of columns
This question is not clear. Calculating sums of a list of numerical values is called addition. The sum of a single list of related lists is called sub total. Finding the sum of all sub totals is called grand total.
The Input or X values are called the Domain.
None of the "following".
They are called the arguments of the function.
data set
The verticals are called , just as you questioned, columns; they are designated by letters. the relation between cells is according to formula that apply to values in the cells.
Values of columns
By creating Data validation rules you should be able to restrict the values of data entered
In information technology / database technology this would be a data table. Conceptually, think of it as a spread sheet. Each row contains a set of columns. The values in the columns usually represent a single instantiation of a entity.
SELECT columns FROM tables INTO tablename - will create and insert values INSERT INTO table SELECT columns FROM tables - will insert from one or more tables into a table INSERT (columns) INTO table VALUES (literals) - will insert literal values into row in a table
See related link. You can use Excel, if you dataset is not too big. Generally, if I have a table of data, with n columns corresponding to n variables with N observations, I can calculate the covariance of columns a and b, using excel covar function, covar(range of first data values, range of second data values) To keep things organized, you may want to name the ranges of your columns and use them as the arguments in the covar.
values version
Constraint
Use Default and Not NULL
They can be put into Filters, Rows, Columns and Values. Only numerical fields can be put into the Values area.
Numeric is anything related to numbers. Spreadsheets mainly focus on numbers, so the term numeric comes up regularly, like talking about numeric data, which would mean some numbers in the spreadsheet.