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Take f(x) = cos(3x)

∫ f(x) dx

= ∫ cos(3x) dx

Take u=3x → du = 3dx

= ∫ 1/3*cos(u) du

= 1/3*∫ cos(u) du

= 1/3*sin(u) + C, C ∈ ℝ

= 1/3*sin(3x) + C

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