No, it is the name given to the Gaussian distribution.
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No. If the underlying distribution is approximately Normal then 1.4 is not at all unusual.
A normal distribution can have any value for its mean and any positive value for its variance. A standard normal distribution has mean 0 and variance 1.
A bit of data that is very distant from the normal distribution of data and its mean. An unusual value.
Yes, and is equal to 1. This is true for normal distribution using any mean and variance.
The area under a normal distribution is one since, by definition, the sum of any series of probabilities is one and, therefore, the integral (or area under the curve) of any probability distribution from negative infinity to infinity is one. However, if you take an interval of a normal distribution, its area can be anywhere between 0 and 1.