Yes
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No. The additive inverse of zero or a negative rational number is not negative.
The additive inverse of EVERY positive rational number is a negative number.
As far as positive numbers are concerned, the additive inverse of a positive number is a negative number with the same magnitude (i.e. the additive inverse of 5 is -5). It would be wrong to simply say that "negative" and "additive inverse" are correct, because the additive inverse of a negative number is a positive number.
The multiplicative inverse is the negative of the reciprocal of the positive value. Thus the multiplicative inverse of -7 is -1/7.
negative of a number gives its additive inverse