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For a balanced diet, humans and other animals require carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Though this is five, some sources combine vitamins and minerals into once category. Thus: 4! Carbs- ingested in the form of polysaccharides, used mainly as fuel Lipids- are used as fuel, as components of cell membranes, and to synthesize steroid hormones and other lipid substances, ingested as triacylglycerols Protieins- serve as enzymes and are essential structural components of cells Vitamins- are organic compounds required in small amounts for many biochemical processes, some serve as compontents of coenzymes Minerals- are inorganic nutrients ingested as salts dissolved in food and water

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