To show that ( A \oplus B = (A \cup B) - (A \cap B) ), we need to prove two inclusions.
For the first inclusion, let ( x \in A \oplus B ). This means that ( x ) is in exactly one of ( A ) or ( B ), but not both. Therefore, ( x ) is in ( A ) or ( B ), but not in their intersection. Hence, ( x \in (A \cup B) - (A \cap B) ).
For the second inclusion, let ( x \in (A \cup B) - (A \cap B) ). This means that ( x ) is in either ( A ) or ( B ), but not in their intersection. Thus, ( x ) is in exactly one of ( A ) or ( B ), leading to ( x \in A \oplus B ).
Therefore, we have shown that ( A \oplus B = (A \cup B) - (A \cap B) ).
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suppose x is in B. there are two cases you have to consider. 1. x is in A. 2. x is not in A Case 1: x is in A. x is also in B. then x is in A intersection B. Since A intersection B = A intersection C, then this means x is in A intersection C. this implies that x is in C. Case 2: x is not in A. then x is in B. We know that x is in A union B. Since A union B = A union C, this means that x is in A or x is in C. since x is not in A, it follows that x is in C. We have shown that B is a subset of C. To show that C is subset of B, we do the same as above.
In some cases, A union B is convex, but in general this may not be true. Consider two sets A, B (subsets of Rn) such that A intersect B is the null set. Now choose a point x in A, and y in B. If a set is to be convex, then all points on the line tx + (1-t)y (0
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The set A union B can be decomposed into three disjoint sub sets A\ (A int B), B\(A int B), and (A int B). So in this case (A union B) and (A int B) are fixed but "moving" elelments from A\ (A int B) into B\(A int B) will not affect (A union B) and (A int B). You should be able to fill in the details now.
a XOR bis equivalent to: (a AND NOT b) OR (b AND NOT a)