To find a composite number, check if the number can be divided by 2,3,4,5, ect. If it can, it`s composite. If not, it`s prime.
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Prime numbers are used to find the product of the prime factors of composite numbers.
There may not be any fast methods. In fact, composite numbers which are the product of two very large primes are used for public key encryption. This depends on the fact that there is no fast answer to factorising composite numbers.
All composite numbers have prime factors and these are used to find the highest common factor of 2 or more numbers and they are also used in finding the lowest common multiple of 2 or more numbers. Composite numbers have 2 or more factors while prime numbers have only 2 factors which are themselves and one
Prime numbers and composite numbers are not used in daily jobs. However they are used by scientists to prove theorems.
3 can be used.