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Mach refers to the speed of sound. A plane that travels at Mach 2 means that it travels twice the speed of sound in air. The actual speed will vary a bit depending on the altitude.

Mach number is a measure of relative speed. It is the speed of something relative to a medium, usually air, and divided by the speed of sound in that medium: : : is the Mach number : is the velocity of the object relative to the medium used and : is the velocity of sound in the medium Mach number is the number of times the speed of sound an object or a duct, or the fluid medium itself, move relative to each other. It is named afteran Austrian physicist Ernst Mach.

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Q: What are airplane mach numbers?
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