The prime factors of 840 are: 2, 3, 5, 7.
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The longest factor string for 840 is its prime factorization because prime factors can't be broken down any further.
Find one factor, divide by it to get the other factor. Continue separating each of the factors into smaller factors, until you only have prime numbers. For example, 840 = 2 x 420. Now continue finding smaller factors for 420.
2 x 420 3 x 280 4 x 210 5 x 168 6 x 140
Prime factors of 21 are: 3 and 7 Prime factors of 40 are: 23 and 5 LCM = 23*3*5*7 = 840
You will know because all of the numbers are prime.