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Relatively prime numbers are numbers which share no common factors. This means the numbers are both the product of an entirely different set of prime numbers. There is no limit to the number of prime numbers. Thus there is no limit to the number of relatively prime pairs. Therefore there cannot be two "largest" relative primes.
If the prime factorizations have no prime factors in common, the numbers are relatively prime.
A sieve.
When 2 numbers have their GCF = 1, it means that the numbers are relatively prime to each other, which doesn't necessarily mean that they are prime on their own. There are 2 cases where relative prime can be guarenteed: All prime numbers are guarenteed to be relatively prime to all other prime numbers. Any prime number is guarenteed to be relatively prime to any composite number smaller than the prime number. If neither of the above 2 conditions are met, manual calculations must be done to find any existing GCF.
All prime numbers are rational.