Variables change, constants do not.
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Constants are fixed numbers that never change, they always stay the same. Variables are number that can change, they 'Vary'.
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variables, coefficents, and constants
In Computer Programming and Mathematics, variables and constants are ways to refering to a value. For example X=1 and Y=2 The difference being, variables are meant to be arbitary and changable, while constants are meant to be fixed and unchangable. For example, there is no reason for the value of Pi to change. So the value of Pi would best be represented by a constant.
Constants are numerical values which are fixed but which may or may not be known. Variables are also numerical but may take a range of values. If a variable appears in an equation or inequality), it may be possible to solve the equation to ascertain the value of the variable.