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Small circles on the Earth are lines of latitude that do not align with the equator, which is the largest circle. These circles are parallel to the equator and include lines such as the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn as well as the Arctic and Antarctic Circles. Unlike great circles, which divide the Earth into two equal halves, small circles vary in size and are used in navigation and mapping to denote specific latitudes. They represent points of equal latitude but differ in circumference as you move away from the equator.

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