What are tangents to a circle from a point called?

Answer 1

Often circles lines points et cetera are named.

In this answer I call the circle C, the Tangent T, the point P, the center of the circle O

They are called just what your question asked:

"The tangent to circle C through point P is T"

P may not be inside C but may be on C

If P is outside C there are twotangents T1 and T2

If P is on C there is one tangent T

T is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency