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All that it means is that you have chosen to divide up the event space into events that are equally likely.
Neither. A tree diagram is usually constructed from some information about the probability of various outcomes. That information may be experimental (empiracal) or theoretical or even a mixture of the two for the different sub-events.
Nobody invented frequency distribution. Events happen, as is the nature of events. Some events can have different outcomes and a frequency distribution is simply the proportion of times that these different outcomes happen (empirical freq distrib) or are expected to happen based on scientific laws (theoretical freq distrib).
To me, the theoretical probability is what is termed the classical probability. This says the probability is the number of ways an event can occur divided by the number of possible events. Forexample, flip a coin. The theoretical probability for heads is 1/2. However, flip a coin 10 times and you will probably not get 5/10 (or 1/2). Doing the actual experiment to determine the probability is called relative frequency approximation.
What determines the theoretical throughput of a bus