the volume, mass, length, or the amount of an object
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An example of a quantitative observation is measuring the temperature of a substance using a thermometer and finding it to be 25 degrees Celsius.
Heart rate is generally a quantitative measurement. You can give a specific number (quantity) for it. You could express heart rate as a qualitative measurement by simply using comparative phrases such as fast, faster, slow slower, dangerously high, dangerously low, etc. Often the quantitative measurement is mapped to the qualitative terms to give a quantitative range that can map to a qualitative term to express the impact of that type of heart rate.
An extension of the EEG technique, called quantitative EEG (qEEG), involves manipulating the EEG signals with a computer using the fast Fourier transform algorithm.
Quantitative, if you're counting the numbers of males and females for any survey or question. It is qualitive if you are using it in the context "Jim is a male." That doesn't tell you how many. Instead it tells you what.
With trigonometry by using the cosine rule