If written without parentheses, it means that only "b" is raised to the second power. Then you multiply the result by "a".
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According to the laws of BODMAS, the actions of exponents are carried out before the acts of multiplication. Therefore, ab to the second power is equal to a(b2). Therefore, you work out what b2 is equal to before you multiply it by a.
The "second power" means squared. "Squared" means multiplied by itself. Thus M to the second power = M times M.
8 1/3 = ab^-1, 1.8 =ab^2
7
121 to the second power means 121 times 121. 1212 = 121 * 121 = 14,641