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They are lines that cut through parallel lines
When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the two pairs of angles on opposite sides of the transversal and outside the parallel lines, and the angles in each pair are congruent.
Usually this is about parallel lins and transversals. Imagine 2 horizontal lines which are parallel. Now imagine a transverse line from uper left to lower right crossing thru the two parallel lines. This makes 8 angles. The top line and the transversal create an angle on the upper right. So does the lower line and the transversal. These are on the same side of the transrevsal.
There are at least 28 different pairs of angles: 66 if the first two lines are not parallel. Your question needs to be more specific as to which angles you mean.
When two lines are crossed by another line (called the Transversal)