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6, 8, and 10 is simply a scaled up version of a 3,4,5 triangle (simply double each side). Since 3,4,5 is a Pythagorean triple, so is the scaled up triangle. Alternatively, since 6, 8, and 10 are integers (whole numbers) that fulfill the Pythagorean theorem (62 + 82 = 102 ), they are a Pythagorean triple.
Yes. If you square each of his legs and add them, the sum is equal to the square of his hypotenuse.
It does not.If you consider a right angled triangle with minor sides of length 1 unit each, then the Pythagorean theorem shows the third side (the hypotenuse) is sqrt(2) units in length. So the theorem proves that a side of such a length does exist. However, it does not prove that the answer is irrational. The same applies for some other irrational numbers.
It's to do with The Greek mathematician called Pythagoras. He was into trangles, particulary right angles ones, where he came up with a theory that relates the lengths of each side in a right angle triangle.
A right triangle can have at most 2 congruent sides, but may have no congruent sides. From the Pythagorean Theorem, the square of the hypotenuse will be equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides - consequently the "other two sides must each be less than the length of the hypotenuse and thus not congruent with it. They can be congruent with each other however - which is what occurs in a 45°/45°/90° triangle (for any other right triangle, none of the sides will be congruent).