When things are correlated it means one thing predicts the other, but it doesn't mean it causes the other. I'll give an example.
Golden anniversaries and hair loss are correlated. Now if you didnt know this phrase you would think long marriages causes hair loss, but its just that if your reach your golden anniversary it means youre probably very old, which accompanies hair loss. Correlated, not caused!
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People with bigger feet have higher intelligence, and people with smaller feet have lower intelligence. In other words, foot size is correlated with intelligence. However, it's clear that if I could have made my feet bigger it would not have made me more intelligent. In other words, in increase in foot size is not a cause of greater intelligence. That's what 'correlation does not imply causation' means.
Causation means the act of causing something to happen. Causation can also mean the effect of making something to happen or to create something as an effect.
It mean that there is no correlation between the two variables. The variables are the same.
It means the same as in ordinary English.
The correlation coefficient is symmetrical with respect to X and Y i.e.The correlation coefficient is the geometric mean of the two regression coefficients. or .The correlation coefficient lies between -1 and 1. i.e. .