Nowadays 249 when converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be CCXLIX but the ancient Romans probably worked out the required calculations as follows:-
MDCCLXXVI+ICCL = MMXXV => 1776+(250-1) = 2025
MDCCLXXVI+CCXXXXVIIII = MMXXV => 1776+249 = 2025
MDCCLXXVI-ICCL = MDXXVII => 1776-(250-1) = 1527
MDCCLXXVI-CCXXXXVIIII = MDXXVII => 1776-249 = 1527
For more complicated calculations the Romans would have made use of an abacus calculating device.
QED
Both 1776 plus 444 added in two different ways will have sum of MMCCXX = 2220 and both 17,776 minus 444 subtracted in two different ways will have a difference of (XVII)CCCXXXII = 17,332
Roman numerals are entirely inappropriate for doing such calculations. I believe the people in Roman times did such calculations on an abacus or something similar - which is basically similar to converting them to the Arabic numbers we use. If you really want to do it in Roman numerals - which is basically NOT a good idea - you would have to keep the thousands, hundreds, etc. separate, and handle carry (for addition) and borrowing (for subtraction).
The rules as we know them today now governing the Roman numeral system had absolutely nothing to do with the Romans because they were introduced during the Middle Ages and as a result of these rules the equivalent of 1999 when converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be MCMXCIX which hardly lends itself quite easily for the purpose of mathematical operations but notwithstanding the aforementioned inasmuch that there exist credible evidence to support the premiss that the ancient Romans would have carried out the requested calculations as in the following formats:-MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+DCLXVI = MMDCLXV => 1999+666 = 2665IMM+DCLXVI = MMDCLXV => (2000-1)+666 = 2665MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII-DCLXVI = MCCCXXXIII => 1999-666 = 1333IMM-DCLXVI is the same as the above because IMM = MDCCCCLXXXXVIIIIFor more intricate and complicated calculations the Romans would have made use of an abacus calculating device.QED by David Gambell
When 9 is converted into Roman numerals it is IX which is an abridged version of VIIII and so the required calculations are as follows:-MDCCLXXVI+IX = MDCCLXXXV => 1776+(10-1) = 1785MDCCLXXVI+VIIII = MDCCLXXXV => 1776+9 = 1785MDCCLXXVI-IX = MDCCLXVII => 1776-(10-1) = 1767MDCCLXXVI-VIIII = MDCCLXVII => 1776-9 = 1767Note that in mathematics -(10-1) changes to 1-10QED
The rules as we now know them today governing the Roman numeral system had absolutely nothing to with the ancient Romans whatsoever because they were introduced during the Middle Ages and so as a result nowadays 599 and 219 are now considered to be DXCIX and CCXIX in Roman numerals which hardly lends themselves quite easily towards arithmetical operations but there exist historical evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have worked out the above calculations as in the following four formats:-IDC+ICCXX = DCCCXVIII => (600-1)+(220-1) = 818DLXXXXVIIII+CCXVIIII = DCCCXVIII => 599+219 = 818IDC-ICCXX = CCCLXXX => (600-1)-(220-1) = 380DLXXXXVIIII-CCXVIIII = CCCLXXX => 599-219 = 380The above calculations were fairly simple and straightforward to work out but for more complicated calculations the Romans would have made use of an abacus calculating device.QED
Both 1776 plus 444 added in two different ways will have sum of MMCCXX = 2220 and both 17,776 minus 444 subtracted in two different ways will have a difference of (XVII)CCCXXXII = 17,332
Roman numerals are entirely inappropriate for doing such calculations. I believe the people in Roman times did such calculations on an abacus or something similar - which is basically similar to converting them to the Arabic numbers we use. If you really want to do it in Roman numerals - which is basically NOT a good idea - you would have to keep the thousands, hundreds, etc. separate, and handle carry (for addition) and borrowing (for subtraction).
Nowadays we think that the equivalent of 9 in Roman numerals is only IX whereas in fact IX is an abridged version of VIIII in ancient Roman numerals thus facilitating the conversion and calculations of the given Hindu-Arabic numerals into Roman numerals in several ways as follows:- MDCCLXVII+VIIII = MDCCLXXVI => 1767+9 = 1776 MDCCLXVII+IX = MDCCLXXVI => 1767+(-1+10) = 1776 MDCCLXVII-VIIII = MDCCLVIII => 1767-9 = 1758 MDCCLXVII-IX = MDCCLVIII => 1767-(-1+10) = 1758 Note that in mathematics that -(-1+10) is equivalent to +1-10 and so -(-I+X) is equivalent to -VIIII
Under today's modern rules now governing the Roman numeral system the equivalent of 249 when converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be CCXLIX which does not lend itself quite easily to arithmetical operations but there exist credible evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have carried out the requested calculations as follows:-MDCCLXXVI+ICCL = MMXXV => 1776+(250-1) = 2025MDCCLXXVI+CCXXXXVIIII = MMXXV => 1776+249 = 2025MDCCLXXVI-ICCL = MDXXVII => 1776-(250-1) = 1527MDCCLXXVI-CCXXXXVIIII = MDXXVII => 1776-249 = 1527Note that in mathematics -(250-1) becomes -250+1 or as 1-250The above calculations were fairly simple and straight forward to work out but for more complicated calculations the Romans would make use of an abacus calculating device.QED
Notwithstanding the fact that in todays modern notation of Roman numerals 999 is now considered to be CMXCIX inasmuch that the ancient Romans would have probably subtracted the given numbers in either of the following formats:-As: MDCCLXXVI-IM = DCCLXXVII => 1776-(1000-1) = 777.Or as: MDCCLXXVI-DCCCCLXXXXVIIII = DCCLXXVII => 1776-999 = 777.For more complicated calculations the Romans would have used an abacus calculating device.QED
The rules as we know them today now governing the Roman numerals system had absolutely nothing to do with the Romans because they were introduced during the Middle Ages and as a result of these rules 1999 when converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be MCMXCIX which hardly lends itself quite easily for the purpose of arithmetical operations but notwithstanding the aforementioned inasmuch that there exist credible evidence to support the premiss that the ancient Romans would have worked out the requested calculations as in the following formats:-MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+MDCCLXXVI = MMMDCCLXXV => 1999+1776 = 3775IMM+MDCCLXXVI = MMMDCCLXXV => (2000-1)+1776 = 3775MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII-MDCCLXXVI = CCXXIII => 1999 -1776 = 223IMM-MDCCLXXVI is the same as the above because IMM = MDCCCCLXXXXVIIIIThe above calculations were fairly simple and straightforward to work out but for more complicated calculations the Romans would have made use of an abacus calculating device.QED
The rules as we know them today now governing the Roman numerals system had nothing to do with the Romans because they were introduced during the Middle Ages and as result of these rules the equivalent of 999 converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be CMXCIX which hardly lends itself quite easily for the purpose of mathematical operations but there exist credible evidence to show that the ancient Romans would have worked out the requested calculations as in the following formats:-MDCCLXXVI+IM = MMDCCLXXV => 1776+(1000-1) = 2775MDCCLXXVI+DCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MMDCCLXXV => 1776+999 = 2775MDCCLXXVI-IM = DCCLXXVII => 1776-(1000-1) = 777MDCCLXXVI-DCCCCLXXXXVIIII = DCCLXXVII => 1776-999 = 777Note that in mathematics -(1000-1) becomes 1-1000 and that the above calculations were fairly simple and straightforward to work out but for more advanced calculations the Romans would have used an abacus calculating device.QED
Nowadays the modern conversion of 444 into Roman numerals is now considered to be CDXLIV which doesn't lend itself quite easily to mathematical calculations but there exist historical evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have calculated the equivalent of 444 on an abacus calculating frame as CCCCXXXXIIII and then logically abridged it to IVLD thus facilitating the required calculations as follows:-MDCCLXXVI+CCCCXXXXIIII = MMCCXX => 1776+444 = 2220MDCCLXXVI+IVLD + MMCCXX => 1776+(500-56) = 2220MDCCCLXXVI-CCCCXXXXIIII = MCCCXXXII => 1776-444 = 1332MDCCLXXVI-IVLD = MCCCXXXII => 1776-(500-56) = 1332Note that in mathematics 1776-(500-56) becomes 1776-500+56 = 1332 and that negative and positive numerals once went in opposite directions somewhat similar to today's number line.QED
The rules as we know them today now governing the Roman numeral system had absolutely nothing to do with the Romans because they were introduced during the Middle Ages and as a result of these rules the equivalent of 1999 when converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be MCMXCIX which hardly lends itself quite easily for the purpose of mathematical operations but notwithstanding the aforementioned inasmuch that there exist credible evidence to support the premiss that the ancient Romans would have carried out the requested calculations as in the following formats:-MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+DCLXVI = MMDCLXV => 1999+666 = 2665IMM+DCLXVI = MMDCLXV => (2000-1)+666 = 2665MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII-DCLXVI = MCCCXXXIII => 1999-666 = 1333IMM-DCLXVI is the same as the above because IMM = MDCCCCLXXXXVIIIIFor more intricate and complicated calculations the Romans would have made use of an abacus calculating device.QED by David Gambell
When 9 is converted into Roman numerals it is IX which is an abridged version of VIIII and so the required calculations are as follows:-MDCCLXXVI+IX = MDCCLXXXV => 1776+(10-1) = 1785MDCCLXXVI+VIIII = MDCCLXXXV => 1776+9 = 1785MDCCLXXVI-IX = MDCCLXVII => 1776-(10-1) = 1767MDCCLXXVI-VIIII = MDCCLXVII => 1776-9 = 1767Note that in mathematics -(10-1) changes to 1-10QED
Not withstanding today's modern notation of Roman numerals in as much that the ancient Romans would have probably worked out the required calculations as follows: MDCCLXXVI+IC = MDCCCLXXV => 1776+(100-1) = 1875 MDCCLXXVI+LXXXXVIIII = MDCCCLXXV => 1776+99 = 1875 MDCCLXXVI-IC = MDCLXXVII => 1776-(100-1) = 1677 MDCCLXXVI-LXXXXVIIII = MDCLXXVII => 1776-99 = 1677
Nowadays 999 when converted into Roman numerals is now considered to be CMXCIX which does not quite easily lend itself for the purpose of arithmetical operations but the ancient Romans would have probably worked out the given three calculations as follows:-IM+DCCLXXVII = MDCCLXXVI => (1000-1)+777 = 1776DCCCCLXXXXVIIII+DCCLXXVII = MDCCLXXVI => 999+777 = 1776DCCCCLXXXXVIIII-DCCLXXVII = CCXXII => 999-777 = 222QED