is dependent on the independent variable
dependent
yes
80 is neither dependent nor independent. It is a number: a variable can be dependent or independent, not a constant.
dependent variable
Not usually, it can be though.
Well, honey, of course a prepositional phrase can be part of a dependent clause. A dependent clause is like a needy little sibling that can't stand alone, and a prepositional phrase is just one of the many accessories it can cling to for support. So yes, a prepositional phrase can absolutely cozy up to a dependent clause like a clingy friend at a party.
Not usually, it can be though.
"He moved" is the independent clause because it can stand alone as a complete sentence. "But then" is a subordinating conjunction that introduces the dependent clause which adds more information about the action in the independent clause.
No, "before we went out" is a dependent clause, not a complete phrase on its own. It lacks a subject and does not form a complete sentence by itself.
sentence fragment
Independent : Hour Dependent: Money.
"Waving his stick and shouting angrily" is a phrase because it does not express a complete thought and lacks a subject and a verb. It is a dependent clause that does not stand alone as a sentence.
The phrase "before you watched me swim" is a dependent clause (meaning that it couldn't stand along as a sentence).
No. The phrase "where precious memories do not hurt" is not a sentence. It is a dependent clause.
The phrase "even though" (though, although) is a conjunction, used to create a dependent clause.
Those aspects of a text whose meanings depend on an understanding of the circumstances in which it has been produced.