It is a value of a test statistic based on the Student's t distribution.
The test statistic is a measure of how close the sample proportion is to the null value.
A point estimate is a single value (statistic) used to estimate a population value (parameter)true apex
It is the test statistic.
Usually the F-statistic.
Normally you would find the critical value when given the p value and the test statistic.
It is a value of a test statistic based on the Student's t distribution.
The test statistic is a measure of how close the sample proportion is to the null value.
A point estimate is a single value (statistic) used to estimate a population value (parameter)true apex
The answer depends on what the test statistic is: a t-statistic, z-score, chi square of something else.
The range. Highest value minus lowest value.
It is the test statistic.
The range. Highest value minus lowest value.
It could be a summary statistic - although there are several different options available.
Usually the F-statistic.
The term effect size can refer to the value of a statistic calculated from a sample of data.
You have not defined M, but I will consider it is a statistic of the sample. For an random sample, the expected value of a statistic, will be a closer approximation to the parameter value of the population as the sample size increases. In more mathematical language, the measures of dispersion (standard deviation or variance) from the calculated statistic are expected to decrease as the sample size increases.