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What is a shape on the surface of the earth called?

It is called a landform.


What means Math that deals with the measurement of the earth?

The branch of mathematics that deals with the measurement of the Earth is called "geodesy." It involves the study of the Earth's geometric shape, orientation in space, and gravitational field. Geodesy combines principles from geometry, physics, and engineering to accurately measure and represent the Earth's surface, enabling applications in navigation, mapping, and understanding tectonic movements.


What are Vertical lines that divide earth?

Vertical lines that divide the Earth are known as meridians. They run from the North Pole to the South Pole and are used to measure longitude, which indicates the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface. The Prime Meridian, located at 0 degrees longitude, serves as the starting point for this system. Meridians are crucial for navigation and mapping.


What is the terrestrial coordinate system?

The terrestrial coordinate system is a geographic coordinate system used to specify locations on the Earth's surface using latitude and longitude. Latitude measures the distance north or south of the Equator, while longitude measures the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian. This system allows for precise navigation and mapping by providing a standardized framework to identify any point on Earth. It is essential for various applications, including cartography, navigation, and geographical information systems (GIS).


What do cartographers do with coordinate planes?

They project the surface of a sphere (the Earth) using a projection. Often the latitudes and longitudes are mapped onto the coordinate plane for small area but such projections distort shapes when mapping larger areas.