An instance variable is typically associated with an object instance of the class whereas class variable is not associated with any object instance. Static variables are referred to as class variables while non-static regular variables are called instance variables. Simply put, you will have as many instances of the instance variable as there are object instances. i.e., if there are 10 instances of an object, you will have 10 instances of that instance variable as well. But, there will be only one instance of the static or class variable.
Instance variables are accessed as follows:
objname.variableName;
Class variables are accessed as follows:
ClassName.variableName;
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In the case of an instance variable, there is one copy for every instance (object). If you create 10 objects based on a class, there will be 10 copies of the variable. A class variable exists only once for the entire class - no matter how many objects you create - or even if you create no objects based on the class. In Java, such variables (class variables) are declared with the statickeyword.
structure variable can access the variable but class object can access the function also
A data member belongs to an object of a class whereas local variable belongs to its current scope. A local variable is declared within the body of a function and can be used only from the point at which it is declared to the immediately following closing brace. A data member is declared in a class definition, but not in the body of any of the class member functions. Data members are accessible to all member function of the class.
Reference variables in java is used to refer to an object. Its a way to access another variable or memory address with a variable and change the data inside the memory address. It gives direct access to the memory access. example:- Box b=new Box(); b is the reference variable of type Box. It can hold reference to any instance of class Box. new Box() creates an instance of class Box. So b is now pointing to an object of class Box. shreya..
Let's say you're measuring a continuous variable such as height or speed. You collect tally charts with classes 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59 etc. 49 would be an upper class limit, but 49.5 would be an upper class boundary, since a reading of 49.4 for example falls outside the class limits.